舉例講解Python設計模式編程中對抽象工廠模式的運用

#encoding=utf-8 
# 
#by panda 
#抽象工廠模式 
 
def printInfo(info): 
 print unicode(info, 'utf-8').encode('gbk') 
 
#抽象產品A：user表 
class IUser(): 
 def Insert(self): 
 pass 
 def GetUser(self): 
 pass 
 
#sqlserver實現的User 
class SqlserverUser(IUser): 
 def Insert(self): 
 printInfo("在SQL Server中給User表增加一條記錄") 
 def GetUser(self): 
 printInfo("在SQL Server中得到User表的一條記錄") 
 
#Access實現的User 
class AccessUser(IUser): 
 def Insert(self): 
 printInfo("在Access中給User表增加一條記錄") 
 def GetUser(self): 
 printInfo("在Access中得到User表一條記錄") 
 
 
#抽象產品B：部門表 
class IDepartment(): 
 def Insert(self): 
 pass 
 def GetUser(self): 
 pass 
 
#sqlserver實現的Department 
class SqlserverDepartment(IUser): 
 def Insert(self): 
 printInfo("在SQL Server中給Department表增加一條記錄") 
 def GetUser(self): 
 printInfo("在SQL Server中得到Department表的一條記錄") 
 
#Access實現的Department 
class AccessDepartment(IUser): 
 def Insert(self): 
 printInfo("在Access中給Department表增加一條記錄") 
 def GetUser(self): 
 printInfo("在Access中得到Department表一條記錄") 
 
 
#抽象工廠 
class IFactory(): 
 def CreateUser(self): 
 pass 
 def CreateDepartment(self): 
 pass 
 
#sql server工廠 
class SqlServerFactory(IFactory): 
 def CreateUser(self): 
 return SqlserverUser() 
 def CreateDepartment(self): 
 return SqlserverDepartment() 
 
#access工廠 
class AccessFactory(IFactory): 
 def CreateUser(self): 
 return AccessUser() 
 def CreateDepartment(self): 
 return AccessDepartment() 
 
#優化一：采用一個簡單工廠類，封裝邏輯判斷操作 
class DataAccess(): 
# db = "Sqlserver" 
 db = "Access" 
 @staticmethod 
 def CreateUser(): 
 if (DataAccess.db == "Sqlserver"): 
 return SqlserverUser() 
 elif(DataAccess.db == "Access"): 
 return AccessUser() 
 @staticmethod 
 def CreateDepartment(): 
 if (DataAccess.db == "Sqlserver"): 
 return SqlserverDepartment() 
 elif(DataAccess.db == "Access"): 
 return AccessDepartment() 
 
#優化二：采用反射機制，避免使用太多判斷 
##以下信息可以從配置文件中獲取 
DBType = 'Sqlserver' #'Access' 
DBTab_User = 'User' 
DBTab_Department = 'Department' 
 
class DataAccessPro(): 
# db = "Sqlserver" 
 db = "Access" 
 @staticmethod 
 def CreateUser(): 
 funName = DBType + DBTab_User 
 return eval(funName)() #eval 將其中的字符串轉化為python表達式 
 @staticmethod 
 def CreateDepartment(): 
 funName = DBType + DBTab_Department 
 return eval(funName)() 
 
def clientUI(): 
 printInfo("
--------抽象工廠方法--------") 
 factory = SqlServerFactory() 
 iu = factory.CreateUser() 
 iu.Insert() 
 iu.GetUser() 
 id = factory.CreateDepartment() 
 id.Insert() 
 id.GetUser() 
 
 printInfo("
--抽象工廠方法+簡單工廠方法--") 
 iu = DataAccess.CreateUser() 
 iu.Insert() 
 iu.GetUser() 
 id = DataAccess.CreateDepartment() 
 id.Insert() 
 id.GetUser() 
 
 printInfo("
-抽象工廠方法+簡單工廠方法+反射-") 
 iu = DataAccessPro.CreateUser() 
 iu.Insert() 
 iu.GetUser() 
 id = DataAccessPro.CreateDepartment() 
 id.Insert() 
 id.GetUser() 
 return 
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
 clientUI(); 

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
 
'''
披薩
'''
class Pizza:
 name = ""
 dough = None
 sauce = None
 cheese = None
 clam = None
 
 def prepare(self):
 pass
 
 def bake(self):
 print "烘烤25分鐘在350。".decode('utf-8')
 
 def cut(self):
 print "切割成對角線切片。".decode('utf-8')
 
 def box(self):
 print "放在官方的盒子中。".decode('utf-8')
 
 def get_name(self):
 return self.name
 
 def set_name(self, name):
 self.name = name
 
 def to_string(self):
 string = "%s:
" % self.name
 string += " 面團: %s
" % self.dough.to_string() if self.dough else ""
 string += " 醬汁: %s
" % self.sauce.to_string() if self.sauce else ""
 string += " 奶酪: %s
" % self.cheese.to_string() if self.cheese else ""
 string += " 文蛤: %s
" % self.clam.to_string() if self.clam else ""
 return string
 
'''
什么類別的披薩
'''
class CheesePizza(Pizza):
 def __init__(self, ingredient_factory):
 self.ingredient_factory = ingredient_factory
 
 def prepare(self):
 print "準備: %s" % self.name
 self.dough = self.ingredient_factory.create_dough()
 self.sauce = self.ingredient_factory.create_sauce()
 self.cheese = self.ingredient_factory.create_cheese()
 
 
class ClamPizza(Pizza):
 def __init__(self, ingredient_factory):
 self.ingredient_factory = ingredient_factory
 
 def prepare(self):
 print "準備: %s" % self.name
 self.dough = self.ingredient_factory.create_dough()
 self.sauce = self.ingredient_factory.create_sauce()
 self.clam = self.ingredient_factory.create_clam()
 
'''
披薩店
'''
class PizzaStore:
 def order_pizza(self, pizza_type):
 self.pizza = self.create_pizza(pizza_type)
 self.pizza.prepare()
 self.pizza.bake()
 self.pizza.cut()
 self.pizza.box()
 return self.pizza
 
 def create_pizza(self, pizza_type):
 pass
 
'''
紐約披薩實體店1
'''
class NYPizzaStore(PizzaStore):
 def create_pizza(self, pizza_type):
 ingredient_factory = NYPizzaIngredientFactory()
 
 if pizza_type == "cheese":
 pizza = CheesePizza(ingredient_factory)
 pizza.set_name("紐約風格芝士披薩".decode('utf-8'))
 elif pizza_type == "clam":
 pizza = ClamPizza(ingredient_factory)
 pizza.set_name("紐約風格文蛤披薩".decode('utf-8'))
 else:
 pizza = None
 
 return pizza
 
'''
芝加哥披薩實體店2
'''
class ChicagoPizzaStore(PizzaStore):
 def create_pizza(self, pizza_type):
 ingredient_factory = ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory()
 
 if pizza_type == "cheese":
 pizza = CheesePizza(ingredient_factory)
 pizza.set_name("芝加哥風格芝士披薩".decode('utf-8'))
 elif pizza_type == "clam":
 pizza = ClamPizza(ingredient_factory)
 pizza.set_name("芝加哥風格文蛤披薩".decode('utf-8'))
 else:
 pizza = None
 
 return pizza
 
'''
生產披薩的工廠
'''
class PizzaIngredientFactory:
 def create_dough(self):
 pass
 
 def create_sauce(self):
 pass
 
 def create_cheese(self):
 pass
 
 def create_clam(self):
 pass
 
'''
生產披薩的實體工廠1
'''
class NYPizzaIngredientFactory(PizzaIngredientFactory):
 def create_dough(self):
 return ThinDough()
 
 def create_sauce(self):
 return MarinaraSauce()
 
 def create_cheese(self):
 return FreshCheese()
 
 def create_clam(self):
 return FreshClam()
 
'''
生產披薩的實體工廠2
'''
class ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory(PizzaIngredientFactory):
 def create_dough(self):
 return ThickDough()
 
 def create_sauce(self):
 return MushroomSauce()
 
 def create_cheese(self):
 return BlueCheese()
 
 def create_clam(self):
 return FrozenClam()
 
 
class Dough:
 def to_string(self):
 pass
 
class ThinDough(Dough):
 def to_string(self):
 return "薄的面團"
 
class ThickDough(Dough):
 def to_string(self):
 return "厚的生面團"
 
class Sauce:
 def to_string(self):
 pass
 
class MarinaraSauce(Sauce):
 def to_string(self):
 return "番茄醬"
 
class MushroomSauce(Sauce):
 def to_string(self):
 return "蘑菇醬"
 
class Cheese:
 def to_string(self):
 pass
 
class FreshCheese(Cheese):
 def to_string(self):
 return "新鮮的奶酪"
 
class BlueCheese(Cheese):
 def to_string(self):
 return "藍紋奶酪"
 
class Clam:
 def to_string(self):
 pass
 
class FreshClam(Clam):
 def to_string(self):
 return "新鮮的文蛤"
 
class FrozenClam(Clam):
 def to_string(self):
 return "冷凍的文蛤"
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # 創建了兩個披薩實體店
 ny_store = NYPizzaStore()
 chicago_store = ChicagoPizzaStore()
 
 # 在第一個披薩對象中訂購了一個cheese風味的披薩
 pizza = ny_store.order_pizza("cheese")
 print pizza.to_string()
 print "邁克訂購了一個 %s" % pizza.get_name()
 print
 
 pizza = chicago_store.order_pizza("clam")
 print pizza.to_string()
 print "約翰訂購了一個%s" % pizza.get_name()

準備: 紐約風格芝士披薩
烘烤25分鐘在350。
切割成對角線切片。
放在官方的盒子中。
紐約風格芝士披薩:
 面團: 薄的面團
 醬汁: 番茄醬
 奶酪: 新鮮的奶酪
 
邁克訂購了一個 紐約風格芝士披薩
 
準備: 芝加哥風格文蛤披薩
烘烤25分鐘在350。
切割成對角線切片。
放在官方的盒子中。
芝加哥風格文蛤披薩:
 面團: 厚的生面團
 醬汁: 蘑菇醬
 文蛤: 冷凍的文蛤
 
約翰訂購了一個芝加哥風格文蛤披薩